Oil burner



4 Sheets-Sheet 2 H ZZanB/arion Sept. Z4, 1940.

A. B. MORTON UIL BURNER Filed Jan. 18, 1939 SPt 24, 1940 Y A. B. MowroN4 OIL BURNER Filed Jan. 18. 1939` 4 Sheets-Sheetl 3 Supt. 24, 1940- AA. MoRToN OIL BURNERl I 3mm/rw Marian l Patented 24, 14940 2,215,163* on'. BUBNEBA Allan B. Morten, Portsmouth, v.

This invention relates to'oil burners and'more .'particularly'to a' pot type-variable flame oil -'buner.

l; vided with air openings and the movable cylinder is operatively connected to a movable valve member associated with the Iniel'lirie' soas tosimul-g taneously' regulate the -rate of the vdelivery of the. air andiuel to the burner pot and the ,longitudim am extent of the por tmcugnoutwhich' the airis' An object of this invention is to provide an iniproved burner structure for heaters which 'is so constructed that the now of fuel `to the burner'is. controlled simultaneously with the controlof-air to the burner, to produce an 'efcient combustion of fuelin a flame oflcontr/oued size.

Another object Vof this invention iste` 'p movable cylinder is adjustable relative to the stationary cylinder.V each or the cylinders being prointroduceci Y which means may be manually adjusted.

A still further object of this invention isto' provide an adjustable aircontrolling means wherein the. adjustment-ls effected automatically or thermostatically in accordance with the heat generated by the burner.

A'lo the above objects and to others which may hereinafter appear, the invention consists of the novel construction, combination and arrangement oi'- parts as will be more specifically referred to and asillustrated in the accompanying drawingsV wherein is disclosed an embodiment of the inven' tion, but it is to be understoodl that changes,

lill

modifications and variations may be rresorted to which fall withinthe scope of the invention as claimed. l s. A

In the drawings:

Figurel is a detail top plan partly broken away and in section showing a burner structure` constructed accordingto-an embodiment 'oi this in- "vention,

Figure 2 is a sectional View taken on the line 2 2 of Iliig'ure 1,

Figure 3 is a fragmentary sectional view taken' on the line 3--3 of Figure 2, l

Figure t is an enlarged sectional view taken on l the line i--t of Figure 2, I

ofA a modified form of burner structure,A

vention,

Figure 7 is a fragmentary vertical section of a :further modification of this invention,

Figure 8 is a fragmentary side elevation ot a modiicationofthis invention.

In the form of the invention shown in' Figures l between the cylindrical side w'alls and above the radially inner margin with a downwardly'projecting annular iiange |2whichisconnectedto a y Y base-,housing i4." The inner cylindrical sidewall A further object of lthis invention is ,11D D1?.0vi cie Van adjustable means for controlling. not only. the. amount of air but the longitudinal area' through- =out which the airis ,delivered to an oil burner. ,j

I5 is secured vat its lower end within fthe circle deilned-by the annular nange I2 and extends upwardly into the interior of the `ilre pot. v-The cylindrical inner side wallmeinber I5'is vprovided. f v adjacent the lower portion 'thereof with a transversely extending fuel line IB which is connected to a vertical fuel pipe I1. .The transverse pipe I -B opens through the'wall I 5 into the well or 'concave'bottom member I'I Vso'that liquid fuel flowing through the pipe I6 will enter the well. l1'.

Arotatabl tubular' valve member. I'8'ls positioned .the vertical -pipefl'l and at its lower end,

the -pipe or valve member I8 engages against a lower portion of thepipe IT and communicates with the port-20; A fuel supply line L is adapted to be threaded into the nipple 2| andisnon..

Figure.` 10 "is a vertical section oifa'iurtherj- ,I :j 2,215,763. I I

ly in detail of a further" modification of this in- I l A modilecl air controllingmeans wherein the openings are o1.' equalsine, v y I f FigureQ` isa vertical-section o tf-a" further modi-i 1 ilcation'of this invention, and rovide an improved burner wherein a substantially stav 'tionary cylinder is providedin the pot and a "1:04, a f ire pot, represented generally at 1B. is

provided withjan outer cylindrical side-wall, aA bottom wall "I I and an inner cylindrical sidewall' I5 vdefining 'an annular combustion chamber .I3

bottom Vinfinie bonqm wall is provided atras'- l nected-atthe opposite end to a'suitable source of l liquid fuel supply. The cylindrical'valve member .I8 is provided with outlet ports 22 `which are. adapted to register with the pipe I1 so that fuel :flowing upwardly in the valve member'l will 1 enter the outlet pipe or pipes I6. In the present instance, there are disclosedtwo outlet pipes I6 which arediaxnetrically opposed andextend dametrically across the space Within the innerside wall I5. The valve member I8 adjacent' the upper portion lthereof is provided with a pilot air Figure 5' is a sectional view similar to Figure 2 A port 22' and the upper end ofthe valve member I8 is provided with a. substantially square shank or head 23. The side wall member lis'provided with a plurality'of circumferentially and vertically spaced apart air openings 24 which are preferably of equal siz'e. An inner air controlling cylinder or air controlling valve 25 is rotatably mounted within the cylindrical side wall or stationary valve member I5 and the cylindrical member 25 is provided with a plate 25 at the upper end thereof, which at its marginal portions projects beyond the outer surface of the inner valve member 25 and engages the upper end of the outer member I5. A gasket 21 is interposed between the upper end of the outer member .I5 and the under-surface of the flange 28 formed by the projecting portion of the plate 25. The rotatable valve member 25 is provided with a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart openings 29, and these openings 29 are -arranged in superposed series with eachrow of openings slightly smaller or shorter in length than the, preceding row, so that whenthe valve member 25 is rotated the lowermost air` openings 24 in the outer member I5 will communicate with the interior of the inner valve member 25 and continued rotation of the inner member 25 will bring additional seriesV of openings 29 into registry with the additional series of openings 24 in the outer member I5. In this manner, the amount of air flowing upwardly through the inner member I5 can be very finely regulated by rotation of the inner member 25 relatively tothe outer member I5. Moreover, the elevation of air delivery relative to the bottom of the combustion chamber and the area longitudinally of the pot throughout 'which the vair is introduced may be increased and decreased creased size is supported for combustion at a higher elevation by the delivery of greater amounts of air therebelow. Upon a decreaseA in fuel delivered, the amount, longitudinal area, and elevation of the air delivery, is correspondingly lower, to support a low burning flame at a lower elevation. The inner member 25 is -provided vwith a diametrically disposed bar 30 which is provided with a bushing or nut member 3l engaging the shank 23 so that rotation ofA the valve member 25 will effect simultaneous rotation of the liquid valve member I8. The valve member 25 is provided with a bar 32 which projects down below the lower end of the stationary ,member l5 and terminates within the housing or base member I4. 'I'he innerend of the valve controlling lever 33 is connected as at 34 to the lower end of the bar V32 and this lever 33 projects longitudinally of the housing or base member I4 and projects outwardly through an opening 35 provided within the front wall 36 of the base member I4. The opening member 35 permits air to'freely enter the lower housing I4 and' then pass upwardly into the rotatable member 25. IIshe outer end of the lever 33 is provided with an L-shaped extension or pointer 31 projecting over the top wall 38 of the base member I4 so that the top Wall 38 may be provided with graduations by means of which the degree of opening of the holes 24 and 29 can be readily trolled by the circumferentially elongated opening 39 in the tubular valve I8, which openings is at all times at least partially in registry with the port 20 in the nipple 2|. The valve I8 is preferably provided with four openings 22 which lare at all times at least partially in registry with the fuel delivery conduits I6. When the air controlling valve 25 has been moved to a position closing all of the air delivery ports, the valve I8 will be in a position to admit only a small supply of oil, sufiicient to maintain a flame of pilot size above the bottom well II. Air to support this flame is drawn into the combustion chamber by passage through the pilot air ports 22', from which point it flows downwardly in the hollow interior of the valve I8 and outwardly through the conduits I6 to the well II, where it combines with the fuel and burns.

In Figure 5, there is disclosed a slightly modied form of this invention wherein the fire pot I Iln is provided with a bottom well Iln similar to the bottom well II and which forms a well in which liquid fuel is adapted to be discharged.

The inner wall I5* of the combustion chamber is positioned concentrically of the fire pot l0, being secured at its lower end to a. flange I2 formed in the center of the well IIB. posedv pipe or valve housing I'l is provided with a pair of radially disposed outlet connections I5, .which at their outer ends are secured to the stationary member I5'L and communicate withthe well I I.

'I'he fire pot I0 is secured by means of the flange I 2al to the top wall 38"l of a base member I4". The inner member 258L is provided with a top wall 2lia which is fixed to the upper end' thereof and the side wall of the member I5s is provided with a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart openings 24a which are arrangedA in vertically spaced art series. An inner air controlling valve rwxligber comprising a cylindrical member 25a i ovably mounted in the outer member I5a and is provided with a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart openings 29 which are arranged in vertically spaced'apart series with the lowermost of the openings 29a of a larger size andthe succeeding openings gradually decreasing in size so that when the inner member 25a is vertically moved to its uppermost position, the uppermost series of openings 29a will be in registry with theuppermost openings 24a, and all of the preceding openings 29"L will also be in registry with the preceding openings 24a. A vertically movable valve member I 8a is slidable in the stationary member I'Ia and is provided with a pair of opposed ports 22a which are adapted to communicate with the outlets lliEL so that the fuel entering the tubular valve member I8B may pass through the radial connections I6 and then into the well Il` The movable valve member I8* is provided at its upper end with a stem 23B, and a diametrically disposed br 30a is carried by the inner valve member 25a and engages the stem 238. 'I'he bar 3l)a may be locked on the stem 23a by means of a cotter pin or locking member 40. The valve member lila is provided at a point above the fuel conduit I6. with a pilot opening 22". 'I'he lower end of the valve A vertically -disto the height of the blaze in the flre pot. In this manner, the correct combustion of the fuel can be i obtained at arll times so that the burner will not smoke. The fuel entering the supply line L may pass through this line under gravity or, if desired, may be forced through the line L and the valvemember I8, enteringthe well Heretofore, in burners of this type, the air admitted for combustion purposes is admitted by means of a movable damper, but while this damper may be regulated manually so as to ob- "tain the desired combustion of the fuel, the regulation of the damper is not in direct proportion' to the quantity of fuel, nor is the damper actuated simultaneously with the opening or closing of the fuel valve.

'I'he burner structure disclosed in` Figure 5 is also manually regulated by means of the vertical rocking of the lever 44 which moves the valve 'member 25* and also moves therewith the valve member |811.

In Figure 8 there is disclosed the wall I5d of a stationary valve member having openings 24d therein arranged in staggered relation. This construction maybe used in any of the previously described constructions, it being understood that where this construction is used, the movable valve will have the openings therein similarly arranged.

' In Figure v9 there is disclosed a further modication of this invention wherein a fire pot l0e is shown having a well I |e which is provided in the bottom thereof with a fuel intake pipe |6e discharging into the' bottom of the well Ile. The

lupper end of the fire pot Il)e is provided with an annular flange 56 which is formed by bending the material forming the cylindrical side lwall |5e of the re ,pot downwardly so as to Iprovide an annular rim or shoulder 51 extending upwardly from the flange 56. 'Ihe ange 56 rests on a supporting plate 58 secured to the wall 59 forming the heater. A plate 60 provided with a central opening 6| and a d own turned marginal ange 62 engages over the upper open end of the iire pot we. The plate 58 is provided with a depending annular flange 63 which is secured by fastening devices 64 in the form of rivets or the like to the outer wall 59 of the heater.

The fuel pipe I6e is adapted to be connected to a suitable source of fuel supply and may be Iprovided with a valve which may be manually controlled for regulating the ow of the liquid fuel to the intake pipe I6e and the well He. The side wall of the lfire pot l0e is provided with plurality o f circumferentially arranged Iair openings 24e which are arranged in vertically spaced apart series or rows with' the openings 24e of substantially equal size. An outer cylindrical shell or valve member 25e is rotatably disposed about the cylindrical shell I5e and is provided with a plurality of circumferentially arranged air openings 29e which are graduated in size from the bottom to the top of the outer member 25e so that initially the lowermost openings 24e will communicate withthe lowermost openings-29@ y wall or jacket 591 of the heater.

and then when the outer member 25 is rotated an additional distance, additional series of opendevices 61A which extend through the ange 56 and the supporting plate 58. The outer member 25 is provided with a depending extension orl arm 68 and a handle or operator 69 is provided with a right-angular extension 10 at the inner end thereof which is secured to the extension 68 by means of a fastening member 1| in the form of a rivet or bolt. The operator 69 extends through an opening 12 provided in the outer jacket 59 through which air may also pass so that the outer rotatable shell or valve member 25 may be readily regulated from the exterior of th jacket 59.

In Figure 10, there is disclosed a further modi.- cation of this invention wherein a. flre pot |01 is supported from a supporting plate 581. 'I'he plate 581 is provided with a. marginal ange 631 secured by fastening members 641 to-the outer The plate 561 is provided with a central opening 13 through which the iire pot |01 extends. Theflre pot |01 is provided with an annular flange 561 formed by bending the material forming the cylindrical side wall 51 downwardly and then outwardly thereby providing a shoulder 511 at the upper endof the fire pot |01. The flange 561 may be secured to the plate 581 by means of `bolts or fastening members 611. 'I'he fire pot |01 is provided with a well ||1 in the bottom thereof and a fuel intake member |61 discharges into the well ||1. An outer rotatable or controlling cylinder 251 is disposed about the cylindrical wall |51 of the inner member and is supported against endwise movement from the inner member I 51 by means of bolts or supporting members 651 which extend through elongated slots 661 provided in the outer member 251. The fastening member 651 may be threaded into the cylindrical wall 51. or otherwise securely fastened thereto.

'Ihe inner member |01 is provided with a plurality of circumferentially arranged air openings 241 which are Vpreferably of equal size and are arranged in vertically spaced apart series. 'I'he outer member 251 is provided with a plurality of circumferentially arranged graduated openings 291r which are also arranged in vertically spacedu apart series and adapted to progressively register with the openings 241 upon rotation of the outer member 251 relative to the inner stationarymember |51. An elongated operator in the form of a rod or lever 691 provided with a'right-angular inner en'd 101 is secured by means of fastening members 1I1 to the outer member 251. The lever or operator 691 extends through an opening 121 provided in the outer wall 591, and in this manner the outer member 251 may be manually controlled and rotated relative to the inner member |51.

A valve member '|11 having a nipple 14 is secured to the fuel pipe |61 and is provided with a rotatable hollow plug |81 which is provided with a fuel port 221. The plug |81 is also procient air for 'mixture `w ith thefuel vapors to maintain a pilot light' in the burner. 'I'he plus I8: is provided with an intake opening Il f adapted toregistenwith a port 20? carried b y a nipple Ilf. The nipple 2li is adapted to' be secured to a fuelipipe line L whichisconr'iected to4 a source of 'fuel supply.

The plug' laf is. providedwith 'a squarehead orextension 23fon the upper end thereof and a nut member or bushing- Ilf .is adapted to engage thehead 23. A laterally extending ann 16 is fixed to thenutor 'bushing 3i* and is provided l with an elongated slot 11.v A valve controlling bolt 18 is' carried by 'the lever -or operator 6911 and isprovided-iwith an extension 19 engaging 'in the slot 11. A- nut is threaded onto the bolt 18 'and provides a means whereby the bolt 18 Vmay be adjustedlongitudinally -of a slot 8l provided in the lever 681 and through which the bolt 1I extends; In this manner, the degree of'l opening or th`e valve plug' vI8t 4may be correctly adjusted with relationto the openings 1 4* and 29*v by' adjustingF the Vbolt V1li longitudinally of 1. An oil burner comprising a nre pot open at the top, a well in the bottom of the fire pot,

means for discharging liquid fuel in said well,. said -nre pot havingan air opening throughsaid well, af stationary air valve member rising 'from said opening and provided with a series of vertically spaced apart `air openings, a movable air valve member in said stationary lmember provided with a seriesof vertically spaced apart graduated. openings adapted to progressively register with vsaid air openingsin said stationary member. and `meansl connected to said movable member for moving sa'id movable memberfreiative to said' stationary member.

2. An 'oil burner comprising a re pot open 'at' the top, a well in the bottom of the vnre pot," means for discharging liquid fuel in said well, said'iire -pot having an air opening through said well, a l stationary air' valve member rising from' saidopening and provided with a series of vertically spaced apart air openings, removable ain valve member in said stationary member pro .vided with a series of vertically spaced apart graduated openings' adapted to progressivelyregister with said air openings in said stationary member, and manually operable meanscon- 'nected to said movable member. for moving said movable member relativev to said stationary member. A

d. An' oil burner comprising a lire pot' open at the top, a well in the bottom of the nre pot,

means for discharging liquid fuel in said well, said tire pot having an air opening through said Well, a stationary air valve member rising from'v said opening and provided with a seres of vertically spaced apart airv openings; a movable air valve memberin said stationary member provided with a. series of vertically spaced apart graduated openings adapted toprogressively register with saidair openings in said stationary membei, 'means connected to said movable member tor moving said movable member relative to said stationary member, and means connected to said movable member and 'said fuel discharging means for controlling the quantity of -fuel discharged into Vsaid well-in proportion to the quantay-or au admitted to ue are pot.

t. An oil burner comprising a fire 'p'ot open at thetop, a well in the bottom of said. repot. aiuel n l i asia-788 vided with an air opening "ii so as to provide. sufilhousing for rotating said inner sleeve.

valve .connected to said well and to a source oi fuel supply, an air intake housing secured to said lire pot, a stationary sleeve secured to said fire '4 pot. and communicating'with said'housing, said sleeveI rhaving a plurality of circ'umferentially a arranged airopenings disposed in vertically 'spaced apart series, an inner' air .controlling sleeve within said ilrst sleeve and provided with graduated openings thereinadapted to progressively registerwith said rst openings, said valve including a plug provided with'a`stem, 'means connecting said stem. with said inner sleeve, and.

means connected to saidinner sleeve for moving said inner'sleeve relative-to saidrst sleeve while simultaneouslymoving said plug to thereby control the flow of fuelin proportion to the registry of the openings in saidI sleeves.

5. vAn oil burner comprising a nre pot open at' 4the top, a Well i-njthe bottom 4of said re pot. a

i'uel valve *connected` to said well and to a source of fuel supply, an air intake housing secured to said lire pot, a stationary sleeve secured to said re pot and communicating with said housing, said sleeve having a plurality of circumferentiall'y arrangedl air openings disposed in verticallyspaced apart series, an inner air controlling.

valve including`a plug provided with a stem, a

diametrically disposed bar fixed to said inner sleeve andY connected to saidstem. in a mannen to thereby'move saidstem and plug with said inner sleeve, and means connected to said inner sleeve for moving said 'inner sleeve relative to said first sleeve while simultaneously moving said portion to the registry of the openings in said sleeves.

` `6.'An oil burner comprising a nre potv open at the'top, a well in the bottom of said nre pot,

a fuel valve `connected -to said well and to a source'of fuel supply, an air intake housing secured to said nre pot, a stationary sleeve secured tosaid fire 'pot and communlcatingwithf said housing, said sleeve having' a pluralit'yof circumferentially arranged air openings' disposedj in vertically 'sp controlling sl ev provided with d'v apart series, an inner' air aduatedopenings therein adaptings, means supporting said inner sleeve forro#- tation within said rst sleeve,'means connecting- Vsaid inner sleeve. to said valveto simultaneously y source 'oi fuel supply, 4an air intake housingse'- cured to'said fire pot, a stationary sleeve secured ito saii're p ot andcommuncating with said housing, said sleeve having a plurality of cir.-

controlling sleeve within said first sleeve and provided with graduated openings therein adaptsleeve within said first sleeve and provided with 'y graduated openings therein adapted to progressively register withv said -nrst openings, Jsaid'j` 'plug to thereby control the flow-of fuel in pro-'f f within saidrst sleeve and 50 ved to pr'ogres'sively register with said first opencircumferentially arranged air openings disposed' in vertically ,spaced apart series, an inner .air

ed to progressively register with' said rsi, openin'gsg-'a vertically rockable operatingleyercar 1' riedby said housingQmeansconnecting one end of said lever -to said inner sleeve, and means connecting said'innersleeve to saidvalvewheref" graduated openings adapted to progressively register with said first openings, means supporting said air valve for movement relative to said fire pot, means for moving said air valve relative to said fire pot, and means discharging fuel into said well.

9. A fuel burner comprising a ire pot provided j with a cylindrical' wall having openings therein, a well in the bottom of said fire pot, supporting means fixed to said iire pot, a cylindrical air valve about said fire pot and provided with a plurality of graduated openings adapted to progressively register with said rst openings,

means engaging said iirst pot and said air valve for supporting said air valve for limited rotary movement, means discharging liquid fuel in said well, and means for rotating said air valve relative to said re pot.

10. A fuel burner comprising a fire pot provided with a cylindrical wall having openings therein, a well in the bottom of said fire pot, supporting means iixed to said fire pot, a cylindrical air valve about said fire pot and provided with a plurality of graduated openings adapted to progressively register with said first openings, means engaging said fire pot and said air valve for supporting said airvalve for limited rotary movement, a fuel valve connected to said well, means for rotating said air valve relative to said fire pot, and means connecting said fuel valve with said latter means to thereby control the admission of fuel simultaneously with the operation of said air valve.

' 'lov 11. A fuel burner comprising a pair of concentric cylindrical members, a well carried by one of said members, each of said members having a plurality of air openings, the openings in one of said members being of substantially equal size, means supporting said members for movement of one relative to the other,'and means for moving one of said members relative to the other member, the other of said members having the openings therein so arranged and of such a size as to effect progressive registration of said latter openings with said iirst openings.

12. An oil burner comprising -in combination a nre pot provided with a plurality of spaced air inlet openings, means discharging fuel into said fire pot, and means connected to said fire pot and said first means for admitting air into selected ones of said openings in proportion to the quantity of fuel discharged into said re pot, said air admitting means including means for completely cutting off the passage of air through the remaining openings.

13. An oil burner comprising a combustion chamber having a side Wall provided with openings disposed longitudinally thereof, means for introducing liquid fuel at varying rates into the chamber adjacent one end thereof to be vaporized therein, and means for increasing and decreasing the amount of air introduced into said chamber in proportion to the increase and decrease in the rate of fuel introduced, compristhroughout which air is introduced through said openings, as the rate of fuel introduction is increased and decreased. e

14. An oil burner comprising a Icombustion chamber having an end wall and a side wallprovided with openings disposed longitudinally thereof, means for vintroducing liquid fuel in varying rates into the chamber adjacent said end wall to be vaporized therein, and means for increasing and' decreasing the amount of air introduced into said chamber in proportion to the increase and decrease of the rate of fuel introduced, comprising control means, operatively connected with the rst-mentioned means, for progressively increasing and decreasing the longitudinal area of the side wall from said end wall throughout which .air is introduced through said openings, as the rate 'of fuel introduction is increased and decreased.

15. An oil burner comprising a combustion chamber having a bottom and a side wall, adjustable means for introducing liquid lfuel into the chamber at varying ratesto be vaporizedtherein adjacent the bottom wall, means for introducing air into the chamber through said side wall at a pluralityv of different elevations, and

means, operatively connected to the first-mentioned means, for varying the amount of air so introduced in proportion to variations in the rate of fuel introduction, comprising control means for variably and progressively rendering the air tom wall, and means, operatively connectedA to the first-mentioned means, for gradually and simultaneously opening the ports in one row and then, simultaneously in each row, and progres- -sively from row to row, opening the ports in the rows .thereabove upon increase in the rate Loli fuel introduction.

17. An oil burner comprising a combustion chamber having abottom wall and a side wall having air ports arranged therein in a plurality Y of vertically spaced horizontal rows, means-for introducing oil into the chamber adjacent the bottom wall at varying rates to support a flame of varying size, and valve means for controlling said ports, said valve means beingmovable in one direction upon an increase in the rate of fuel introduction to open the ports successively, row'by row, from a lower row upwardly until substantially all of the ports are open, and being movable in the opposite direction upon a de crease in the rate of fuel introduction to close the ports, row by row, from an upper row downwardly.

ALLAN B. MORTON. 

